Home Ngữ Pháp Tóm tắt ngữ pháp tiếng Anh lớp 7

Tóm tắt ngữ pháp tiếng Anh lớp 7

1. Từ chỉ số lượng

Từ chỉ số lượng hay còn gọi là lượng từ, là từ chỉ số lượng của một vật, một thứ gì đó và có thể thay thế cho các từ hạn định. Tuy nhiên, cách dùng từ chỉ số lượng khá phức tạp và dễ gây nhầm lẫn. Vì vậy, cần học thuộc những từ chỉ số lượng thường gặp và xét xem chúng đi với danh từ loại nào.

Từ chỉ số lượng Ví dụ
Đi với danh từ đếm được many, few, a few,
a large number of, hundreds of, thousands of, a couple of, several
She has lots of/many books.
Đi với danh từ không đếm được much, little, a little, a great deal of, a large amount of There is a lot of/much water in the glass.
Đi với cả danh từ đếm được và không đếm được some, lots of, all, tons of, none of, no, most of, any, plety of, a lot of, heaps of

2. Câu so sánh

Trong tiếng Anh có 3 cách để so sánh: so sánh hơn, so sánh nhất và so sánh bằng. Trong chương trình tiếng Anh lớp 7, các bạn sẽ được làm quen với 2 loại câu so sánh trước, đó là so sánh nhất và so sánh hơn.

 2.1 So sánh nhất

So sánh nhất được dùng khi người nói muốn nói về cái gì đó hơn tất cả những cái khác.

Công thức Ví dụ
So sánh với tính từ/trạng từ ngắn (1 âm tiết) the + ADJ/ADV -est He is the tallest student in his class
So sánh với tính từ/trạng từ dài (2 âm tiết trở lên) the most + ADJ/ADV  This is the most difficult subject I’ve learned
Trường hợp đặc biệt Nếu so sánh nhất cho một tính từ
bổ nghĩa cho danh từ, sử dụng tính từ sở hữu my, his, her, your,… thay
cho mạo từ the
He is the youngest son
=> He is my youngest son

2.2 So sánh hơn

Dùng so sánh hơn khi muốn so sánh cái này hơn cái kia, ví dụ như tốt hơn, đẹp hơn,… Tương tự như so sánh nhất, có điểm khác biệt trong hình thái của tính từ ngắn (1 âm tiết) và tính từ dài (2 âm tiết trở lên) khi so sánh hơn.

Công thức Ví dụ
So sánh với tính tính từ/trạng từ ngắn (1 âm tiết) ADJ/ADV -er + than He is taller than me
So sánh với tính tính từ/trạng từ dài (2 âm tiết trở lên) more ADJ/ADV + than This work is more difficult than that one
Lưu ý Sau than có thể nói đầy đủ chủ ngữ và động từ He is taller than me
=> He is taller than I am

Một số từ so sánh bất qui tắc:

  • bad                       worse              the worst
  • good/well              better              the best

Ket qua:

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